| Cherry bark tortrix |
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Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Tortricidae
Scientific name: Enarmonia formosana (Scopoli)
Common name: Cherry bark tortrix (CBT)
Identification
Adults: Moths have a wingspan of 15-18mm (approx. .7 inch) with ornately decorated dark brown and orange forewings, somewhat resembling the codling moth.
Larvae: Pale gray or flesh-colored, 8-11mm (.4 inch) long
Damage: Larvae feed under the bark, tunneling and causing the bark to loosen. Infestations are recognized by reddish-orange colored sap flow (gummosis) with frass built up near the tunnel entrance creating a “frass tube”. The trunk and larger limbs are affected causing large swelling and cankers. Indirect damage occurs through trees exposed to secondary insect pests and as an entrance for disease and freezing temperature stresses.
Impacts: Oregon’s quarantine regulates the entire state of Washington and British Columbia, Canada, and in Oregon, Multnomah and Clackamas counties. It includes all species of the host plants listed below.
Host plants: The host range includes plants in the rose family of Prunus (cherry and plum), Cydonia (quince), Malus (apple), Pyracantha (firethorn), Pyrus (pear), Crataegus (hawthorne) and Sorbus (mountain ash).
Distribution: CBT is native to Europe and was first discovered in North America in 1990, where it was found in British Columbia, Canada. It has since spread south into western Washington state, and portions of Multnomah, Clackamas, and Marion counties in Oregon.
Biology and life cycle: Adults emerge in April-May and fly through September-October. Eggs are laid in tree scars (branch and grafting scars) and cracks where the bark tends to split. Larvae overwinter within the tree. There is one generation per year.
Photo credits:
CBT frass tube: Eric LaGasa, Washington State Department of Agriculture
CBT adult: Eric LaGasa,Washington State Department of Agriculture, www.forestryimages.org CBT damage: Todd Murray, Washington State University Extension
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